HLA-A*23 Is Associated With Lower Odds of Acute Retroviral Syndrome in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection: A Multicenter Sub-Saharan African Study

HLA-A*23 Is Associated With Lower Odds of Acute Retroviral Syndrome in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection: A Multicenter Sub-Saharan African Study

Lovisa Lindquist ^1 2, William Kilembe ³, Etienne Karita ³, Matt A Price ^4 5, Anatoli Kamali ⁶, Pontiano Kaleebu ^7 8, Jianming Tang ⁹, Susan Allen ^3 10, Eric Hunter ^3 10, Jill Gilmour ^4 11, Sarah L Rowland-Jones ¹², Eduard J Sanders ^12 13, Amin S Hassan ^1 2 14, Joakim Esbjörnsson ^1 2 12

Affiliations

• ¹Lund University Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
• ²Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
• ³Rwanda/Zambia HIV Research Group, Kigali, Rwanda and Lusaka, Zambia.
• ⁴International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, New York, New York, USA.
• ⁵Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
• ⁶International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, Nairobi, Kenya.
• ⁷Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Centre Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda.
• ⁸London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
• ⁹Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
• ¹⁰Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
• ¹¹Human Immunology Laboratory, International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, London, United Kingdom.
• ¹²Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
• ¹³Aurum Institute, Johannesburg, South Africa.
• ¹⁴Kenya Medical Research Institute/Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.
• PMID: 38560608
• PMCID: PMC10977907
• DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofae129

Abstract

The role of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and killer immunoglobulin-like receptor molecules in mediating acute retroviral syndrome (ARS) during human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is unclear. Among 72 sub-Saharan African adults, HLA-A*23 was associated with lower odds of ARS (adjusted odds ratio, 0.10 [95% confidence interval, .01-.48]; P = .009), which warrants further studies to explore its role on HIV-1-specific immunopathogenesis.

Keywords: Africa; HLA; KIR; acute HIV infection; acute retroviral syndrome.

© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.

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Conflict of interest statement

Potential conflicts of interest. All authors: No reported conflicts.